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An Appraisal of the Relationship Between Diet and Mental Health Among Psychiatric Patients: A Case Study of Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta, Ogun State

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Background of the Study

The relationship between diet and mental health has become a prominent area of study, as emerging research suggests that nutrition plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cognitive function and emotional regulation. Diets rich in vitamins, minerals, and omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to lower rates of depression, anxiety, and other mental health disorders (Shao et al., 2023). Conversely, poor diets characterized by high sugar, processed foods, and trans fats may contribute to the development and exacerbation of mental health conditions (Hayes et al., 2024).

Psychiatric patients often experience comorbidities related to poor dietary habits, which can aggravate symptoms of their mental health conditions. Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Abeokuta, Ogun State, serves as a critical facility for individuals suffering from a wide range of psychiatric disorders, yet there is limited research focusing on the impact of diet on mental health outcomes in this region. Understanding how diet influences mental health in this specific population is crucial for developing comprehensive treatment strategies that include dietary interventions to improve patient outcomes (Adeyemo et al., 2023).

Statement of the Problem

The relationship between diet and mental health in psychiatric patients has not been sufficiently explored in Nigeria, particularly in the context of the services provided at Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta. While general nutrition has been implicated in the management of mental health conditions, the lack of targeted dietary interventions in Nigerian psychiatric care settings could hinder optimal recovery. This study seeks to assess the relationship between diet and mental health among psychiatric patients at Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta, and determine whether dietary modifications can serve as adjuncts to conventional psychiatric treatments.

Objectives of the Study

  1. To examine the impact of diet on mental health outcomes among psychiatric patients at Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta.
  2. To evaluate the dietary habits of psychiatric patients and their correlation with the severity of mental health symptoms.
  3. To assess the potential benefits of nutritional interventions in the management of psychiatric disorders.

Research Questions

  1. How does diet influence mental health outcomes among psychiatric patients at Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta?
  2. What are the dietary habits of psychiatric patients, and how do they correlate with the severity of their symptoms?
  3. Can dietary interventions improve mental health outcomes in psychiatric patients?

Research Hypotheses

  1. There is a significant relationship between diet and mental health outcomes in psychiatric patients.
  2. Poor dietary habits are associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms.
  3. Nutritional interventions improve the mental health of psychiatric patients.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will focus on psychiatric patients receiving care at Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta, between 2023 and 2025. The study will involve surveys, interviews, and medical record analysis to assess dietary habits and mental health outcomes. Limitations include the possibility of recall bias in dietary self-reports and challenges in controlling for other variables influencing mental health outcomes.

Definitions of Terms

  • Dietary Habits: The patterns and types of food regularly consumed by individuals.
  • Mental Health Outcomes: The psychological, emotional, and cognitive state of patients, including the severity of mental health symptoms.
  • Nutritional Interventions: Changes or additions to a patient’s diet aimed at improving their mental health.




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